At the beginning of the Sixteenth Century, Portugal captured the Port of Muscat and a considerable part of the inner region. In the seventeenth century, their influence gradually decreased. Omanians have gradually taken control of the sea trade routes in the Gulf of Iran and near the coast of East Africa. At one point Socotra, Zengibar and some of the East African lands were linked to the Oman state. In the nineteenth century, Oman established a special friendship with England, which continued after the Second World War. In 1958, Guadar Port on the shores of Baluchistan's Mekan and land near it were given to Pakistan.
In 1967, England returned the islands of Kuria and Muria to Oman. On July 23, 1970 Sultan Said bin Teymur was assassinated by his son Nightmare. The new sultan changed its name to the Sultanate of Oman until the time of the Muslim and Omani. With the leftist guerrillas of South Dofar, backed by the Yemeni People's Republic and Red China, they fought until December 1975 to corrupt them. As a result of economic and military aid agreements with the United States, US forces were able to obtain naval and air bases around the Indian Ocean in 1980. Kabus bin Said administration remained neutral during the Iran-Iraq War and during Iraq's invasion of Kuwait.
Physical Structure The majority of Oman is covered with barren hills and ovals, sandy plains and deserts. The land remaining in the back region of the Gulf of Oman is mountainous and the Akdar Mountain which is the highest point of the country (3017 m) is here. The most productive parts of the country are the crescent-shaped soil between the mountains and the sea in the Batinah Plain in the north-west of Muscat and the southern Dofar state.
In the north is the famous Rubülhâli Desert. The total length of the country's coasts is around 1600 km. Climate Oman is one of the hottest countries in the world. Temperatures usually reach up to 54 ° C. The average annual rainfall ranges from 76 mm to 101 mm, except for the Batinah Plain. There is hardly any rain in Rubulhâli Desert.
Natural Resources Most of the country is covered with deserts and stepless. The only underground wealth of the country is petroleum. Population and Social Life The number of people in Oman is 1.650.000 and 4-5 people per square kilometer. The largest population center in the country is the capital city of Muscat with a population of 50,000. 89% of the population are from Arabs, 4% from Baluchis, 3% from Iranians and 2% from Africans. The great majority of the population is Abdullah bin Ibad 's İbadiyya folklore established by the Hâricîs.
The official language is Arabic, and the vast majority of people speak this language, literate people constitute 20% of the population. Siyasi Hayat Oman is a country ruled by the Sultan and is divided into an eastern direction and numerous accidents. The Sultan carries out state affairs with a cabinet he chooses. There is also a 55-member Advisory Council appointed by the Sultan to represent various professions and regions. There is no written constitution of the country.
Oman has been a member of the United Nations since 1971. The economy is based on petroleum based on Omani economy and the oil constitutes 95% of the export. One third of the oil is exported to Europe, the vast majority of which remains in Japan. Since it is not an important industry, other export goods are agricultural products. Date, marbled lemon, pomegranate are the main ones.
The main import goods are rice, wheat, flour, milk, vehicles and vehicle parts, electrical goods and building materials. Oman is the most traded company in the UK, India and the Gulf countries. Transportation: Transportation in the country is provided by land, sea and air. The network of highways connects all settlements. The length of the highways is 27,438 km. Muscat and Salale have modern ports and airports.
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